[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
is working on shaky foundations. Within our framework, however, the basic question as to whether a
particular system is active or not is much more tractable and answerable. It should then be possible to
build a strong experimental structure on the basis of clearly defined experiments on the component parts
of Hypnotic procedures.
IN THIS CHAPTER a brief look will be taken at experimental Hypnotherapy from the perspective of the
systems approach of this book.
There is something of a chasm between experimentalists and practitioners in the fields of Hypnosis and
Hypnotherapy. This can be seen as being a result of the fact that they tend to be asking different classes
of questions. The latter are asking, "How can I create a change in this particular person?" The former are
asking, "How can we expect a particular process to affect people in general?"
The experimentalist therefore typically works with a particular "induction procedure" - often
tape-recorded - which he or she will apply to a group of people, often those suffering with a particular
symptom; note the results; and deduce from them whether or not "Hypnosis has been effective" with a
particular problem.
To the Clinical Hypnotist or Hypnotherapist, such a procedure seems of very limited value because his or
her clinical judgement would often lead to the conclusion that a particular Hypnotic procedure should
NOT have been used for many of the individuals, where it would be anticipated to be of little use, and
should instead be replaced by a different one.
Furthermore the therapist would say, in the language of this book, "One of my most valuable tools in
Hypnosis is the establishing of positive feedback loops both within the patient and between us in order to
intensify the effects I am aiming for. This requires correct timing and tuning to the Subject's personality,
so that it can be synchronised with the rate at which things happen in the Subject and can be presented in
a language and a way which suits the Subject best. All of this is quite simply ignored by the
experimentalist's approach."
The argument on the experimentalist's side is quite simply, "But your subjective assessment of the
efficacy of treatment is not a good enough basis for the subject. The history of medicine is full of
procedures and potions which were claimed to be effective, but careful examination has found that they
give no more than a placebo response. We need to establish a hard, factual and scientific basis for your
http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~dylanwad/morganic/ph_chap19.htm (1 of 4) [19/06/2000 8:30:52 PM]
Principles of Hypnosis (19). Systems foundation for experiments in hypnosis
work if it is to be accepted. We are following the standard procedure in such cases."
If we look at this position from a more general perspective we see the following picture. The
experimentalist is working within a very simple cause and effect paradigm. The assumption is that we are
testing whether a process P will lead to a reduction in a symptom S, which we may represent as:
/P > \S ?
This is the model used for testing drugs, where P is the appropriate application of the drug.
Now the problem for medical science is that the human body is a very complex system. The connection
between the application of a drug and a change in the symptom is therefore not generally a direct one.
The drug P may affect one particular system of the body directly, and then this affects a third, and so on
through a chain until we get to the symptom. As a further complication, many of the intermediate
systems are regulated by negative feedback loops which ensure that there is little long-term change. On
top of all that complexity there is the problem that our internal biochemistry varies from individual to
individual.
The great advances in medicine this century can be seen to be a result of very careful analysis of the
systems most involved in a specific illness and then of designing a drug which will act as directly as
possible on the system involved. Antibiotics were a great advance because they acted directly on a wide
range of infecting organisms. The manufacture of insulin for diabetics, of Factors VIII or IX for [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
zanotowane.pl doc.pisz.pl pdf.pisz.pl exclamation.htw.pl
is working on shaky foundations. Within our framework, however, the basic question as to whether a
particular system is active or not is much more tractable and answerable. It should then be possible to
build a strong experimental structure on the basis of clearly defined experiments on the component parts
of Hypnotic procedures.
IN THIS CHAPTER a brief look will be taken at experimental Hypnotherapy from the perspective of the
systems approach of this book.
There is something of a chasm between experimentalists and practitioners in the fields of Hypnosis and
Hypnotherapy. This can be seen as being a result of the fact that they tend to be asking different classes
of questions. The latter are asking, "How can I create a change in this particular person?" The former are
asking, "How can we expect a particular process to affect people in general?"
The experimentalist therefore typically works with a particular "induction procedure" - often
tape-recorded - which he or she will apply to a group of people, often those suffering with a particular
symptom; note the results; and deduce from them whether or not "Hypnosis has been effective" with a
particular problem.
To the Clinical Hypnotist or Hypnotherapist, such a procedure seems of very limited value because his or
her clinical judgement would often lead to the conclusion that a particular Hypnotic procedure should
NOT have been used for many of the individuals, where it would be anticipated to be of little use, and
should instead be replaced by a different one.
Furthermore the therapist would say, in the language of this book, "One of my most valuable tools in
Hypnosis is the establishing of positive feedback loops both within the patient and between us in order to
intensify the effects I am aiming for. This requires correct timing and tuning to the Subject's personality,
so that it can be synchronised with the rate at which things happen in the Subject and can be presented in
a language and a way which suits the Subject best. All of this is quite simply ignored by the
experimentalist's approach."
The argument on the experimentalist's side is quite simply, "But your subjective assessment of the
efficacy of treatment is not a good enough basis for the subject. The history of medicine is full of
procedures and potions which were claimed to be effective, but careful examination has found that they
give no more than a placebo response. We need to establish a hard, factual and scientific basis for your
http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~dylanwad/morganic/ph_chap19.htm (1 of 4) [19/06/2000 8:30:52 PM]
Principles of Hypnosis (19). Systems foundation for experiments in hypnosis
work if it is to be accepted. We are following the standard procedure in such cases."
If we look at this position from a more general perspective we see the following picture. The
experimentalist is working within a very simple cause and effect paradigm. The assumption is that we are
testing whether a process P will lead to a reduction in a symptom S, which we may represent as:
/P > \S ?
This is the model used for testing drugs, where P is the appropriate application of the drug.
Now the problem for medical science is that the human body is a very complex system. The connection
between the application of a drug and a change in the symptom is therefore not generally a direct one.
The drug P may affect one particular system of the body directly, and then this affects a third, and so on
through a chain until we get to the symptom. As a further complication, many of the intermediate
systems are regulated by negative feedback loops which ensure that there is little long-term change. On
top of all that complexity there is the problem that our internal biochemistry varies from individual to
individual.
The great advances in medicine this century can be seen to be a result of very careful analysis of the
systems most involved in a specific illness and then of designing a drug which will act as directly as
possible on the system involved. Antibiotics were a great advance because they acted directly on a wide
range of infecting organisms. The manufacture of insulin for diabetics, of Factors VIII or IX for [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]